Iyo bigeze ku mateka yo kunywa icyayi, birazwi ko Ubushinwa ari igihugu cy’icyayi. Ariko, kubijyanye no gukunda icyayi, abanyamahanga barashobora kugukunda kuruta uko tubitekereza.
Mu Bwongereza bwa kera, ikintu cya mbere abantu bakoze iyo babyutse ni uguteka amazi, nta yindi mpamvu, gukora inkono y'icyayi gishyushye. Nubwo kubyuka kare mugitondo no kunywa icyayi gishyushye ku gifu cyuzuye byari ibintu byiza bidasanzwe. Ariko umwanya bifata no koza ibikoresho byicyayi nyuma yo kunywa icyayi, nubwo bakunda icyayi, rwose birabatera ibibazo!
Batangiye rero gutekereza kuburyo bwo kunywa icyayi gishyushye bakunda vuba, byoroshye, kandi umwanya uwariwo wose. Nyuma, kubera kugerageza bisanzwe n'abacuruzi b'icyayi, “tumufuka”Yaragaragaye kandi yahise imenyekana.
Umugani w'inkomoko y'icyayi cyuzuye
Igice cya 1
Abanyaburasirazuba baha agaciro ibirori iyo banywa icyayi, mugihe abanyaburengerazuba bakunda gufata icyayi nkibinyobwa gusa.
Mu minsi ya mbere, Abanyaburayi banywaga icyayi kandi biga uburyo bwo kugitekera mu cyayi cy’iburasirazuba, ibyo bikaba bitatwaraga igihe kandi bikora cyane, ariko kandi byari bigoye cyane kubisukura. Nyuma yaho, abantu batangiye gutekereza uburyo bwo guta igihe no korohereza kunywa icyayi. Abanyamerika rero bazanye igitekerezo gitinyutse cy "imifuka myinshi".
Mu myaka ya za 90, Umunyamerika Thomas Fitzgerald yahimbye icyayi na kawa muyungurura, ari nacyo cyerekanaga imifuka y'icyayi hakiri kare
Mu 1901, abadamu babiri ba Wisconsin, Roberta C. Lawson na Mary McLaren, basabye ipatanti kuri “icyayi cy'icyayi” bateguye muri Amerika. "Icyayi cy'icyayi" ubu gisa n'umufuka w'icyayi ugezweho.
Indi nyigisho ni uko muri Kamena 1904, Thomas Sullivan, umucuruzi w’icyayi i New York muri Amerika, yashakaga kugabanya ibiciro by’ubucuruzi maze ahitamo gushyira icyayi gito mu cyayi mu gikapu gito cya silike, yoherereza abakiriya bashobora kugerageza. . Nyuma yo kwakira iyi mifuka ntoya idasanzwe, umukiriya yatangaye nta kundi yari kubigenza uretse kugerageza kubishira mu gikombe cy'amazi abira.
Igisubizo nticyari gitunguranye rwose, kuko abakiriya be basanze ari byiza cyane gukoresha icyayi mumifuka mito yubudodo, kandi amabwiriza yaruzuye.
Nyamara, nyuma yo kubyara, umukiriya yaratengushye cyane kandi icyayi cyari kinini cyane nta mifuka ntoya yoroheje ya silike, itera ibibazo. N'ubundi kandi, Sullivan yari umucuruzi w'umunyabwenge wahumekewe n'iki kibazo. Yahise asimbuza ubudodo na gaze yoroheje kugira ngo akore imifuka nto hanyuma ayitunganya mu bwoko bushya bw'icyayi gito cy'icyayi, cyari gikunzwe cyane n'abaguzi. Iki gihangano gito cyazanye inyungu nyinshi kuri Sullivan.
Igice cya 2
Kunywa icyayi mumifuka mito ntigukiza icyayi gusa ahubwo binorohereza isuku, byihuse kumenyekana.
Mu ntangiriro, imifuka y'icyayi y'Abanyamerika yitwaga “imipira yicyayi“, Kandi gukundwa kwimipira yicyayi birashobora kugaragara mubikorwa byabo. Mu 1920, umusaruro w’imipira yicyayi wari miliyoni 12, naho 1930, umusaruro wariyongereye cyane ugera kuri miliyoni 235.
Mu Ntambara ya Mbere y'Isi Yose, abacuruzi b'icyayi b'Abadage na bo batangiye gukora imifuka y'icyayi, nyuma yaje gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bya gisirikare ku basirikare. Abasirikare b'imbere babise Tee Bombes.
Kubongereza, imifuka yicyayi nkiyo kurya. Kugeza 2007, icyayi gipfunyitse cyari cyarigaruriye 96% by'isoko ry'icyayi mu Bwongereza. Mu Bwongereza honyine, abantu banywa ibikombe bigera kuri miliyoni 130 buri munsi.
Igice cya 3
Kuva yatangira, icyayi gipfunyitse cyagize impinduka zitandukanye
Muri icyo gihe, abanywi b'icyayi binubiraga ko inshundura z'imifuka ya silike yari nyinshi cyane, kandi uburyohe bw'icyayi ntibushobora kwinjira mu mazi vuba kandi vuba. Nyuma yaho, Sullivan yagize icyo ahindura ku cyayi cyuzuye imifuka, asimbuza siliku impapuro zoroshye zikozwe mu budodo. Nyuma yo kuyikoresha mugihe runaka, byagaragaye ko ipamba ya pamba yagize ingaruka zikomeye kuburyohe bwisupu yicyayi.
Kugeza mu 1930, Umunyamerika William Hermanson yabonye ipatanti y’imifuka y’icyayi ifunze ubushyuhe. Umufuka wicyayi wakozwe mu ipamba ya pamba wasimbuwe nimpapuro zungurura, zikoze mumibabi. Urupapuro ruto kandi rufite utwobo duto duto, bigatuma isupu yicyayi irushaho kwemerwa. Ubu buryo bwo gushushanya buracyakoreshwa muri iki gihe.
Nyuma mu Bwongereza, Tatley Tea Company yatangiye gukora icyayi cyuzuye imifuka mu 1953 kandi ikomeza kunoza imiterere yimifuka yicyayi. Mu 1964, ibikoresho by'imifuka y'icyayi byatejwe imbere kugira ngo birusheho kuba byiza, ari na byo byatumye icyayi gikapu gikundwa cyane.
Hamwe niterambere ryinganda niterambere ryikoranabuhanga, hagaragaye ibikoresho bishya bya gaze, bikozwe muri nylon, PET, PVC, nibindi bikoresho. Ariko, ibyo bikoresho birashobora kuba birimo ibintu byangiza mugihe cyo guteka.
Kugeza mu myaka yashize, kugaragara kwa fibre y'ibigori (PLA) byahinduye ibi byose.
UwitekaUmufuka wicyayi wa PLAbikozwe muri iyi fibre ikozwe muri meshi ntabwo ikemura gusa ikibazo cyo kubona neza umufuka wicyayi, ariko kandi ifite ibikoresho bizima kandi byangirika, byoroshye kunywa icyayi cyiza.
Fibre y'ibigori ikorwa muguhindura ibinyamisogwe muri acide ya lactique, hanyuma igahindura polymerizike. Urudodo rwibigori rwibigori rutunganijwe neza, rufite umucyo mwinshi, kandi imiterere yicyayi irashobora kugaragara neza. Isupu yicyayi igira ingaruka nziza zo kuyungurura, kwemeza ubukire bwumutobe wicyayi, kandi imifuka yicyayi irashobora kwangirika rwose nyuma yo kuyikoresha.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-18-2024